How militarists view the world: the Evolution of Warfare (concise nfp edition)
0d generation warfare:
The ape fight scene in 2001: A Space Odyssey
1st generation warfare: Naploleanic; use of line and column on a linear battlefield; direct fire.
2nd generation warfare: Prussian; still linear but with a heavier reliance on indirect fire; heavy firepower replaces reliance on massed manpower; still practiced by most conventional forces (including US).
3rd generation warfare: German-blitzkrieg; first truly non-linear tactics; attacks reliy on infiltration to bypass and collapse the enemy's combat forces rather than seeking to close with and destroy them.
4th generation warfare: likely to be widely dispersed and largely undefined; the distinction between war and peace will be blurred to the vanishing point. It will be nonlinear, possibly to the point of having no definable battlefields or fronts. The distinction between "civilian" and "military" may disappear. Actions will occur concurrently throughout all participants' depth, including their society as a cultural, not just a physical, entity. Major military facilities, such as airfields, fixed communications sites, and large headquarters will become rarities because of their vulnerability; the same may be true of civilian equivalents, such as seats of government, power plants, and industrial sites (including knowledge as well as manufacturing industries). Success will depend heavily on effectiveness in joint operations as lines between responsibility and mission become very blurred. Again, all these elements are present in third generation warfare; fourth generation will merely accentuate them. —William S. Lind et al., "The Changing Face of War: Into the Fourth Generation," Military Gazette, October 1989 |